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Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah

 Here are some key points about Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah ¹:

Early Life:
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  • Born on December 25, 1876, in Karachi
  • Educated at Sindh Madrassat-ul-Islam and Christian Mission School
  • Joined Lincoln's Inn in 1893 and became the youngest Indian to be called to the Bar in 1896
Political Career:
  • Elected to the Imperial Legislative Council in 1910
  • First Indian to pilot a private member's Bill through the Council
  • Passionately believed in and worked for Hindu-Muslim unity
  • Formulated the Delhi Muslim Proposals in March 1927
Constitutional Struggle:
  • Opposed Gandhi's doctrine of non-cooperation
  • Opposed the tactics adopted by Gandhi to exploit the Khilafat and wrongful tactics in the Punjab in the early twenties
  • Warned the Nagpur Congress Session in 1920 against declaring Swaraj within a year
Muslim League Reorganized:
  • Returned to India in 1934 and assumed the leadership of the Muslim League
  • Organized the Muslims on one platform
  • Advocated for the Federal Scheme to be scrapped and the provincial scheme to be worked for what it was worth
  • Formulated a viable League manifesto for the election scheduled for early 1937
Demand for Pakistan:
  • Formulated the Muslim demand for Pakistan in 1940
  • Advocated for the creation of a separate Muslim state
  • Led the negotiations with the British and the Congress for the creation of Pakistan
Leader of a Free Nation:
  • Nominated as the Governor-General of Pakistan
  • Led Pakistan through its early years, dealing with the refugee crisis, economic instability, and military weakness
  • Played a key role in the Kashmir war over the State's accession in 1947-1948
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